리눅스에서 2TB 이상의 디스크를 사용하기

리눅스에서 2TB 이상의 디스크를 사용하기(GPT 파티션 설정)

리눅스 시스템에서 2TB 이상의 디스크를 사용하려면 GPT(GUID Partition Table) 파티션 테이블을 사용해야 합니다. GPT는 MBR(Master Boot Record)보다 더 큰 디스크 용량을 지원하고 더 많은 파티션을 생성할 수 있는 표준입니다.

1. 운영 중인 커널 버전 확인

$ uname -a
Linux vm01 2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 9 20:57:37 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2. GPT Partition사용가능 여부 체크

• CONFIG_EFI=y
• CONFIG_FB_EFI=y
• CONFIG_EFI_VARS=y
• CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION=y

cat /boot/config-2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64 | grep EFI | grep -v ^#

$ cat /boot/config-2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64 | grep EFI | grep -v ^#
CONFIG_EFI=y
CONFIG_FB_EFI=y
CONFIG_UEFI_CPER=y
CONFIG_EFI_VARS=y
CONFIG_CACHEFILES=m
CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION=y
CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK_EFI=y

3. GPT 파티션 생성

parted /dev/sdc

$ parted /dev/sdc
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) help                                                            
  align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
  check NUMBER                             do a simple check on the file system
  cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER   copy file system to another partition
  help [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMAND
  mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)
  mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE                      make a FS-TYPE file system on partition NUMBER
  mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     make a partition
  mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END     make a partition with a file system
  move NUMBER START END                    move partition NUMBER
  name NUMBER NAME                         name partition NUMBER as NAME
  print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partiti
  quit                                     exit program
  rescue START END                         rescue a lost partition near START and END
  resize NUMBER START END                  resize partition NUMBER and its file system
  rm NUMBER                                delete partition NUMBER
  select DEVICE                            choose the device to edit
  set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
  toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
  unit UNIT                                set the default unit to UNIT
  version                                  display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted

(parted) print                                                           
Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label

(parted) mklabel gpt

(parted) print
Model: HP LOGICAL VOLUME (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 2700GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags

(parted) mkpart primary 0 2700GB
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore                                                    

(parted) print                                                            
Model: HP LOGICAL VOLUME (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 2700GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
1      17.4kB  2700GB  2700GB               primary

(parted) quit                                                            
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

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4. 파티션 포맷

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1

$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdc1 alignment is offset by 244736 bytes.
This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested.
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=64 blocks, Stripe width=192 blocks
164823040 inodes, 659290557 blocks
32964527 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
20120 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:
           32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
           4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
           102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544

Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 21 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

5. 파일시스템 마운트

blkid | grep /dev/sdc

$ blkid | grep /dev/sdc
/dev/sdc1: UUID="02a767df-e1ee-4e23-9d1e-9370d3a1b55b" TYPE="ext4"

• 마운트 포인트 생성

sudo mkdir /mnt/mydisk

• 마운트

sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/mydisk

6. 부팅 시 자동 마운트 (옵션)

파티션을 부팅 시 자동으로 마운트하려면 /etc/fstab 파일에 해당 마운트 정보를 추가해야 합니다.

vi /etc/fstab

#/dev/sdc1
UUID=02a767df-e1ee-4e23-9d1e-9370d3a1b55b    /mnt/mydisk    ext4    defaults    0 0

또는

echo '/dev/sdX1 /mnt/mydisk ext4 defaults 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

 

참고URL

- MBR과 GPT의 비교표 : http://blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=leekh8412&logNo=100132406507