[리눅스] VMware ESXi VM(리눅스) 하드 디스크 용량 증설

VMware ESXi VM(리눅스) 하드 디스크 용량 증설

물리 디스크 증설

VM 하드 디스크 증설(120 GB -> 300 GB)

** 데이터스토어 용량 부족 이슈로 별도의 하드 디스크 추가

VM 하드 디스크 2 생성(200 GB)

논리 볼륨 관리자(LVM) 구성하기

파티션 구성

디스크 및 파티션 정보 확인

fdisk -l /dev/sdb

$ fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

/dev/sdb 파티션 생성

fdisk /dev/sdb

$ fdisk /dev/sdb
n -> Enter -> Enter -> Enter -> Enter -> w

생성된 파티션 정보 확인

fdisk -l /dev/sdb

$ fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xef2581e2

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048   419430399   209714176   83  Linux

물리 볼륨(Physical Volume)

PV(물리 볼륨) 정보 확인

pvs

$ pvs
  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree
  /dev/sda2  centos lvm2 a--  <119.00g       0

pvdisplay

$ pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               <119.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              30463
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          30463
  PV UUID               WzmLIi-Ry2j-k73d-pvrA-Q9ke-5g1E-0HjHvd

PV(물리 볼륨) 생성

pvcreate /dev/sdb1

$ pvcreate /dev/sdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

생성된 PV(물리 볼륨) 정보 확인

pvs

$ pvs
  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree
  /dev/sda2  centos lvm2 a--  <119.00g       0
  /dev/sdb1  centos lvm2 a--  <200.00g <200.00g

pvdisplay

$ pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               <119.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              30463
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          30463
  PV UUID               WzmLIi-Ry2j-k73d-pvrA-Q9ke-5g1E-0HjHvd

  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<200.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name
  PV Size               <200.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               0GxagH-TpRu-Qd3s-7t3S-KNTD-iZXD-cAFHAS

볼륨 그룹(Volume Group)

VG(볼륨 그룹) 정보 확인

vgs

$ vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize     VFree
  centos   1   2   0 wz--n- <119.00g    0

vgdisplay

$ vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <119.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              30463
  Alloc PE / Size       30463 / <119.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
  VG UUID               Ua9i3r-AcCb-0SjS-fjov-QbRG-HMzu-Zvs8VT

VG(볼륨 그룹) 확장

vgextend centos /dev/sdb1

$ vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

확장된 VG(볼륨 그룹) 정보 확인

vgs

$ vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  centos   2   2   0 wz--n- 318.99g <200.00g

vgdisplay

$ vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               318.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              81662
  Alloc PE / Size       30463 / <119.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB
  VG UUID               Ua9i3r-AcCb-0SjS-fjov-QbRG-HMzu-Zvs8VT

논리 볼륨(Logical Volume)

LV(논리 볼륨) 정보 확인

lvs

$ lvs
  LV   VG     Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root centos -wi-ao---- <111.00g
  swap centos -wi-ao----    8.00g

lvdisplay

$ lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                Lysew0-r4td-ZDfH-U3CW-dvC9-I20P-vZuhnt
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time serv-203, 2022-03-03 11:36:18 +0900
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             2048
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                diFdl0-h8bc-NI3A-LBqM-oRw6-fzkf-IBp59G
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time serv-203, 2022-03-03 11:36:18 +0900
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <111.00 GiB
  Current LE             28415
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

기존 LV(논리 볼륨) 확장

lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root

$ lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <111.00 GiB (28415 extents) to 310.99 GiB (79614 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

확장된 LV(논리 볼륨) 정보 확인

$ lvs
  LV   VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root centos -wi-ao---- 310.99g
  swap centos -wi-ao----   8.00g

$ lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                Lysew0-r4td-ZDfH-U3CW-dvC9-I20P-vZuhnt
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time serv-203, 2022-03-03 11:36:18 +0900
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             2048
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                diFdl0-h8bc-NI3A-LBqM-oRw6-fzkf-IBp59G
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time serv-203, 2022-03-03 11:36:18 +0900
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                310.99 GiB
  Current LE             79614
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

파일시스템(Filesystem)

스토리지 디바이스 정보 확인

lsblk

$ lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  120G  0 disk
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0  119G  0 part
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0  311G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0  200G  0 disk
└─sdb1            8:17   0  200G  0 part
  └─centos-root 253:0    0  311G  0 lvm  /
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

-f 옵션으로 파일시스템 정보 확인

lsblk -f

$ lsblk -f
NAME            FSTYPE      LABEL UUID                                   MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1          xfs               efca6237-2489-42a9-b4d2-f09d324e3512   /boot
└─sda2          LVM2_member       WzmLIi-Ry2j-k73d-pvrA-Q9ke-5g1E-0HjHvd
  ├─centos-root xfs               6ed0780f-08ef-40b7-9025-b0506926e0ce   /
  └─centos-swap swap              09510e97-1235-4d5d-a908-5d7a68729438   [SWAP]
sdb
└─sdb1          LVM2_member       0GxagH-TpRu-Qd3s-7t3S-KNTD-iZXD-cAFHAS
  └─centos-root xfs               6ed0780f-08ef-40b7-9025-b0506926e0ce   /
sr0

파일시스템 용량 확인

df -Th | egrep -v tmpfs

$ df -Th | egrep -v tmpfs
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs       111G   65G   47G  59% /
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  171M  844M  17% /boot

파일시스템 확장

xfs_growfs -d /

$ xfs_growfs -d /
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=7274240 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=29096960, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=14207, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 29096960 to 81524736

확장된 파일시스템 용량 확인

$ df -Th | egrep -v tmpfs
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs       311G   65G  247G  21% /
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  171M  844M  17% /boot